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88 active trials for Smoking

Acetylcholine, Tobacco Smoking, Genes and Nicotinic Receptors

The purpose of the study is to measure the sensitivity of NCFHEB binding to changes in endogenous acetylcholine levels in healthy smoking and nonsmoking subjects, and in schizophrenic smoking and nonsmoking subjects. We hypothesize that physostigmine-induced elevated ACh levels will lead to a reduction in the availability of nicotinic receptors for the binding of the radioligand. We hypothesize there will be greater increase in ACh level (or greater reduction in radio tracer binding) in smoking as compared to nonsmoking subjects. We hypothesize there will be greater increase in ACh level (or greater reduction in radio tracer binding) in smoking as compared to nonsmoking subjects with schizophrenia, but the extent of this change will be different than in controls. We are also measuring the sensitivity of PHNO binding to changes in dopamine levels in healthy smoking and nonsmoking subjects before and after amphetamine challenge.

Start: September 2013

GeoScan Smoking Study: Neural Correlates of Smokers' Exposure to Retail Environments

The purpose of the study is to learn more about the relationships between the brain, behavior, and natural daily exposure to particular environments, including the places where smokers regularly spend time and specific retail outlets.

Start: December 2019

Helping Poor Smokers Quit

Using a 2x2 randomized factorial design, we will conduct a statewide field trial in Missouri to compare the relative and combined effects of these two strategies for augmenting an existing, evidence-based tobacco quitline program. Among 2000 low-income smokers, half will receive standard Missouri quitline services and half will receive new Specialized Quitline services targeted to this group. In each of these groups, half also will receive calls from a trained navigator to help them address unmet Basic Needs and the accompanying psychological distress that act as barriers to smoking cessation.

Start: June 2017

Racial Differences in Circadian and Sleep Mechanisms for Nicotine Dependence, Craving, and Withdrawal

The number one preventable cause of death in the world is tobacco use. Cigarette smoking in particular, costs an estimated $300 billion due to expenses related to medical care and lost productivity. Despite similar smoking prevalence rates, blacks suffer disproportionately from smoking-related harms compared to whites.Sleep disparities such as shortened sleep duration, shorter circadian periodicity, earlier chronotype, and increased variability of sleep timing have been reported more frequently in blacks compared to whites. Given that poor sleep quality predicts relapse from smoking cessation programs, particularly among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults, sleep deficiencies and irregular timing of sleep may impact smoking craving and withdrawal symptoms over the course of the 24-hour day. Surprisingly, few studies have examined these temporal patterns of smoking and craving, and none with regard to sleep disruption, chronotype or racial disparities. A better understanding of these factors may explain heterogeneity within the smoking population, especially in minorities. Thus, the purpose of this proposal is to test the central hypothesis that the impact of chronotype and impaired sleep on cigarette usage as well as smoking dependence, urge/craving, and withdrawal depends on race.

Start: January 2021

e-Cigarette - DNA Adducts

This study will examine the level of toxicity of e-cigarette use compared to smokers and nonsmokers including inflammation markers, toxicant and carcinogen exposure. Additionally, the study will look at the effect of varying voltage levels for e-cigarette users.

Start: July 2017

Impact of Low Nicotine Cigarette Messaging on Perceptions and Cigarette Choices

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effects of low nicotine content cigarette (LNC) educational messaging on perceptions of low nicotine cigarettes, tobacco/nicotine product choice preferences (hypothetical), LNC cigarette subjective ratings, and LNC cigarette abuse liability among adult smokers.

Start: April 2021

Improving the Reach & Effectiveness of Smoking Cessation Services Targeted to Veterans Living With HIV

This project will compare the effectiveness of an HIV-specific comprehensive wellness intervention designed to have broad appeal to smokers living with HIV to the effectiveness of standard care services that include referral to the National VA Quitline and SmokefreeVET texting program. Participants in both arms will have access to pharmacotherapy available through their Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare providers.

Start: May 2021

Improving Tobacco Treatment Rates for Outpatient Cancer Patients Who Smoke

The main purpose of this research study is to evaluate the effectiveness of "nudges" to clinicians, to patients, or to both in increasing Tobacco Use Treatment Service (TUTS) referral and engagement; and to explore clinician, patient, inner setting (e.g., clinic), and outer setting (e.g., payment structures) mechanisms related to TUTS referral and engagement. The investigators will employ rapid-cycle approaches to optimize the framing of nudges to clinicians and patients prior to initiating the trial and mixed methods to explore contextual factors and mechanisms. The investigators will conduct a four-arm pragmatic cluster randomize clinical trial to test the effectiveness of nudges to clinicians, nudges to patients, or nudges to both in increasing TUTS referral and engagement in cancer patients who smoke, vs. usual care (UC). The investigators hypothesize that each of the implementation strategy arms will significantly increase TUTS referral and engagement compared to UC and that the combination of nudges to clinicians and to patients will be the most effective.

Start: May 2021

A Study to Develop a Strategy to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in Women Who May Be at Risk for Lung Cancer

The purpose of this study is to develop a digital strategy to increase awareness about lung cancer screening among women who are eligible to receive it. The digital strategy involves email communications and LungTalk, a web-based (accessed through the Internet) health communication tool that uses text, audio, video, and animation to increase awareness and knowledge about lung cancer screening. This study will focus on women who have recently received a screening mammogram.

Start: April 2021

Electronic Proactive Outreach for Smokers With COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common respiratory diseases, with 90% of cases directly attributable to smoking. Unfortunately, many patients continue to smoke and have an urgent need to quit. Proactive tobacco treatment programs identify patients outside of a routine clinical appointment and engage them in making a supported quit attempt. Most previous research of proactive tobacco treatment has used telephone outreach, which can be resource intensive. Electronic methods (texting, secure messaging) may be effective while requiring fewer resources. In this study, a previously tested telephone outreach intervention will be adapted for electronic delivery, with content tailored to smokers with COPD. First, information will be gathered from smokers with COPD and the medical staff who care for them to adapt the program for electronic delivery. Then, the program will be pilot-tested. Smokers with COPD will be randomly assigned to either usual medical care or the outreach intervention, with goals to increase participation in smoking cessation programs, quit attempts, and successful cessation.

Start: September 2020

The Effect of Tobacco Products on Wound Healing

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of various tobacco products (including but not limited to combustible cigarettes, medicinal nicotine, electronic cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco) on cutaneous wound healing. There will also be a non- smoking control group. This study will be designed as a pilot study. The majority of individuals will be recruited from ongoing studies at the University of Minnesota - Tobacco Research Programs.

Start: May 2021

A Longitudinal Cohort Study to Evaluate Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease in Haiti

Investigators will establish a longitudinal cohort of 3,000 adults >18 years in Port-au-Prince using multistage random sampling, and follow them for 2 to 3.5 years depending on the timing of study enrollment to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and diseases. Cardiovascular risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, kidney disease, poor diet, cigarette smoking, physical inactivity, and inflammation. Cardiovascular disease include myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and CVD mortality. It is anticipated that hypertension prevalence will be ?10% in 18-30 year olds, that hypertension incidence will be >10 events/1000 person years. Association of determinants and risk factors with CVD will also be examined. Whole blood, serum, plasma, stool, and urine samples will be biobanked for future studies.

Start: March 2019

Pain and Smoking Study

This purpose of this study is to test the telephone delivery of a cognitive behavioral intervention (CBI), for smoking cessation among Veteran smokers with chronic pain

Start: December 2017

Effectiveness of Tobacco Cessation Interventions in Sweden

Smoking is still one of the most important risk factors causing morbidity and mortality in Sweden. Every year, 12,000 Swedish citizens die prematurely from smoking, and smoking is responsible for up to 60% of the inequity in health. Though the smoking prevalence is relatively low in Sweden in an international context (8% and 10% for men and women respectively in 2016), specific vulnarable groups have a very high prevalence; e.g. about 80% in alcohol and drug abusers. Furthermore, Sweden has a unique high prevalence of snus users and in 2016 the daily use of tobacco was 25% for men and 14% for women. In addition, products such as cigarettes, snus, and e-cigettes are often mixed. Despite the fact that about a thousand counsellors have been trained in manual-based person-centred tobacco cessation interventions in Sweden, the effectiveness of the interventions remains unknown, as a follow-up on effect of in-person interventions is not systematically collected in Sweden. Therefore, as of today it is not possible, on a national level, to compare the effectiveness of differences in these interventions, providers, or different groups of tobacco users including disadvantaged and vulnerable groups. In this study the investigators will evaluate the effectiveness of already implemented in-person cessation interventions targeting smoking, use of snus and/or e-cigarettes, focusing on disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of tobacco users. Furthermore, important factors associated with a successful outcome after controlling for confounders will be identified (in relation to programme, patients and setting).

Start: April 2020

Preference-based Tools for Smoking Cessation Among Disadvantaged Smokers, a Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial

- Objective: Our study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the "STOP" (Sevrage Tabagique à l'aide d'Outils dédiés selon la Préférence: Smoking Cessation using preference-based tools) intervention, a preference-based smoking cessation intervention for smokers with low socio-economic position (SEP). - Methods : STOP is a randomised, multi-centre, single blinded, intent-to-treat trial. Participating centres include primary care practices (community, municipal or general health clinics), hospital-based facilities, and healthcare institutions specialised in addiction treatment. Smokers with low SEP will be randomised into either the intervention or control group. Persons randomised to the control group will be accompanied by their health professional according to standard practice. Participants randomised to the intervention group will receive the same smoking cessation advice, drug (varenicline, champix,..) prescription and support as participants in the control group, but they will also have a choice of being given free Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) (transdermal patch, gum, spray, inhaler, sublingual tablets/lozenges) and/or an electronic cigarette + e-liquid on the spot to aid their quit attempt. Follow-up appointments will take place at around 7 to 14 days, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after inclusion, according to the participant and health professional availability. The main outcome measure of this study will be the 7-day point prevalence tobacco abstinence at 6 months after inclusion (yes/no), defined as self-reported abstinence for at least 7 days, This self-reported abstinence will be validated by measured exhaled carbon monoxide, unless this measurement is unavailable due to the ongoing covid-19 pandemic.

Start: February 2021

BAPS in Botswana: The Thotloetso Trial

The main purpose of this research study is to compare traditional behavioral smoking cessation therapy with a different type of behavioral therapy-known as behavioral activation problem solving (BAPS)-for smoking cessation. Standard smoking cessation counseling (SC) focuses on self-monitoring, identifying smoking triggers and how to manage them, relaxation and social support for non-smoking, and relapse prevention. BAPS focuses on recognizing he feelings you are having that lead to smoking and how to overcome those feelings and focus on activities that discourage you from smoking and avoid activities that encourage you to smoke. Both counseling types include gathering information about your personal smoking patterns, your likes, dislikes, and other personal characteristics about your lifestyle. Half of participants who enroll in the study will receive standard smoking cessation counseling (SC) and half will receive BAPS counseling. We will compare the rates of quitting smoking across the two groups at the end of treatment (study week 10), and 12 weeks after the end of treatment (study week 26)

Start: May 2021

Modifying Progesterone and Estradiol Levels to Prevent Postpartum Cigarette Smoking Relapse and Reduce Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Infants and Children

The investigators aim to address the following specific aims: Determine the efficacy of Prog/DMPA in preventing postpartum smoking relapse and reducing smoking relapse risk factors. Examine the effects of this maternal smoking intervention on infant health. Examine racial and ethnic differences in intervention outcomes.

Start: May 2021

Lung Macrophage Populations and Functions in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)-Susceptible Smokers

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease that affects only a fraction of those who smoke tobacco. The origin of this variability in susceptibility to develop COPD is unclear, but understanding its underlying biology has important implications for our ability to design suitable preventative and therapeutic strategies for its management. This Department of Defense (DOD) discovery research proposes to develop methodologies and generate preliminary data needed to lay the foundation for a large study that would investigate the underlying biological susceptibility of those who smoke tobacco to develop COPD.

Start: March 2021

Metabolism Informed Smoking Treatment: The MIST RCT

This phase 3 randomized controlled trial will test Metabolism-Informed Smoking Treatment (MIST), a precision approach to smoking treatment that biologically tailors medication selection to nicotine metabolism.

Start: November 2020

Effect of Packaging on Smoking Perceptions and Behavior

The investigators are addressing two critical areas identified by the FDA: the impact of cigarette packaging and labeling on consumer perceptions and on smoking behavior; and the effectiveness of graphic warning labels on communicating risk of tobacco products. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), investigators will enroll committed smokers who have no intention of quitting in the next 6-months. The three study arms will be: a) a blank pack with all marketing materials removed (PP); b) The Australian graphic warning images (Australian model-AM); or c) a standard pack with all marketing materials unaltered (ST). The study includes a three month purchasing intervention and continued follow-up through 12 months. Throughout the study interactive text messaging assessments will be used to measure acute and persistent impact of labeling and marketing on perceptions of tobacco products, subjective effects of consumption, awareness of tobacco-related harms, tobacco use behavior, and quitting motivation. At three separate time points, participants will: a) complete a web-based questionnaire b) provide a saliva sample for cotinine analysis. The rigorous design and extensive objective measurements are significant innovations on the currently published research in this field and should lead to significant advances in tobacco regulatory science.

Start: February 2016