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156 active trials for Insulin Resistance

Improving Insulin Sensitivity by Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

Efforts in curing and preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been elusive thus far. One reason for that is the lack of understanding of the role of the brain in the development and treatment of the disease. In recent studies, the hypothalamus was identified as part of a brain network including higher cognitive regions that is particularly vulnerable to insulin resistance. Furthermore, the central insulin response in this network predicted food craving and hunger. In this project, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is implemented as a tool to stimulate brain networks. The investigators hypothesize that stimulating the hypothalamus-cognitive network will enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce food intake, food craving and hunger. Furthermore, the project will provide the unique opportunity to investigate novel mechanisms of insulin resistance in participants who have been extensively metabolically characterized.

Start: May 2020

De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity in Obese

Disturbances of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are one of the features of dysfunction of adipose tissue (AT). Disturbances of DNL play a role in development of metabolic complications of obesity. The goal of this project is to investigate novel pathways of DNL regulation. DNL will be studied during nutritional interventions in healthy and obese subjects in exposure to 2-days high carbohydrate diet preceded by a) 2-days fasting b) several weeks´ ketogenic diet. This nutritional protocol creates conditions for the study of prominent changes in DNL: suppression of DNL during fasting or ketogenic diet followed by stimulation during high-carbohydrate diet. Systemic phenotypic features and molecular indices of DNL regulation in AT will be followed during the protocols. Specific attention will be paid to newly reported pathway- hormone sensitive lipase and transcription factor ChREBP. The results will contribute to development of pharmacological approaches in the treatment of metabolic complications of obesity, targeted selectively to AT, without side effects in other tissues.

Start: May 2019

Prevalence of NAFLD and Correlation With Its Main Risk Factors Among Egyptian

Getting a rough indicator about the prevalence of different grade of severity of NAFLD (NASH & liver fibrosis), and Correlate the severity of fatty liver with different serological risk factors of metabolic syndrome and diseases progression as well as the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma related to NAFLD with the use of ; nutritional assessment designed and conducted by the investigators in this research, simple blood test (lipid profile and blood sugar), and easy cheap non-invasive radiological tool as screening to predict NASH.

Start: April 2019

Improving Insulin Sensitivity by Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Persons With Insulin Resistance

Efforts in curing and preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been elusive thus far. One reason for that is the lack of understanding of the role of the brain in the development and treatment of the disease. Insulin action in the brain is appreciated to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of T2D, influencing eating behavior, cognition and peripheral metabolism. Whether brain insulin resistance is a cause or consequence of prediabetes is not yet fully understood. Hence, in this project the investigators want to develop a novel tool to treat and prevent type 2 diabetes and to delineate brain mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans. For this purpose, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) will be implemented, which is a powerful tool to stimulate brain networks. In recent studies, it was shown that the hypothalamus is part of a brain network including higher cognitive regions that is particularly vulnerable to insulin resistance. Furthermore, the central insulin response in this network predicted food craving and hunger. The investigators hypothesize that stimulating the hypothalamus-cognitive network will enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce food intake, food craving and hunger. Furthermore, the project will provide the unique opportunity to investigate novel mechanisms of insulin resistance in participants who have been extensively metabolically characterized.

Start: November 2019

Poznan Prospective Study of Type 1 Diabetic Patients

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development and progression of chronic complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic chronic renal disease, cardiovascular events) in patients with type 1 diabetes treated from the onset of the disease with recommended method of intensive insulin therapy. All patients attended a five-day structured training program during first hospitalization and re-education once year during the observation. After five years of observation and next - once a year chronic complications are assessed. The investigators would like to evaluate also the relationship of the management of the disease, knowledge about the treatment and diabetes, insulin resistance and inflammatory markers with development and progression of chronic complications.

Start: January 1994

Efficacy of Mifepristone in Males With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial examining the efficacy and safety of mifepristone 600 mg daily in male subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, not associated with Cushing's syndrome

Start: February 2017

Intermittent Fasting in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Although preliminary evidence suggests that intermittent fasting mimic-diet (IFD) exerts stronger effects on body weight and metabolic parameters, which may link obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and major chronic diseases, compared with continuous calorie restriction (CCR), there is a lack of well-powered intervention studies. This randomized controlled trial will test whether IFD, operationalized as the "5:2 diet," has stronger effects on anthropometric and body composition characteristics, and circulating metabolic biomarkers than CCR and a control regimen in adults with NAFLD.

Start: January 2018

Adapted Physical Activity (APA) in a Breast Cancer Population.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a 6-months program of Adapted Physical Activity (APA) on lifestyle, physical activity levels, insulin resistance and adipokines, oxidative stress, microcirculatory haemodynamics and serum levels of specific circulating miRNA in post-menopausal, physically inactive breast cancer patients in oncologic follow-up with or without hormone therapy that had completed adjuvant treatment (radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy) . Furthermore, the study will determine the impact of APA on functional capabilities, on self-reported physical activity, quality of life and psychic health.

Start: January 2019

N-acetyl-cysteine and Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorder in Obese Women

The effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation on carbohydrate metabolism disorder and homocysteine concentrations in obese women will be analysed.

Start: January 2020

Tissue-specific Insulin Resistance in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Role of Hypoxia

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition associated with significant adverse health outcomes. Our overarching hypothesis is that patients with OSA and hypoxia (H-OSA) have greater degrees of insulin resistance in both liver and adipose tissue when compared to those without hypoxia (NH-OSA) thus leading to increased risk for the development of diabetes in the former group.

Start: October 2018

Stool Transplantation for Treatment of Insulin Resistance in Morbidly Obese Patients

More and more people in Canada and around the world are severely (morbidly) obese, and this is associated with a high risk for poor blood sugar control (insulin resistance, IR) and diabetes. Weight loss is often very hard to achieve for morbidly obese patients. Bariatric surgery is a very effective treatment, but it has some risks and is not available to all patients. Therefore, alternative treatments are needed. The gut bacteria (intestinal microbiome) might play a role for the development of obesity and IR. Several studies in animals have shown that transferring stool from lean mice or humans into obese animals could lead to weight loss and improve IR. One human study has confirmed this. The investigators are therefore examining, whether transfer of stool from healthy lean people into morbidly obese patients with IR will improve blood sugar control, weight, and other obesity related parameters. This will be done in a randomized controlled trial. Effects on mental health and the bacterial in the mouth related to gum disease will also be assessed. If successful, fecal transfer could be a new alternative treatment approach for morbidly obese patients or those with IR who do not have access to or do not want to undergo bariatric surgery.

Start: March 2017

Studying the Effect of Mediterranean Diet on Insulin Resistance Among Obese Children and Adolescents

Insulin resistance is a common complication of childhood obesity. It is considered to be an important link between adiposity and the risk factor of type 2 diabetes in children. The lifestyle modifications, including a healthy diet, physical activity and weight reduction in obese children and adolescents have been proven effective in type 2 diabetes prevention and management. Although increasing evidence suggests that Mediterranean diet could be associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity and atherosclerosis in adults. The importance of this study is to find the effect of Mediterranean diet on insulin resistance among obese children and adolescents aged 10-16 years. Additionally, the results of the present study will help health professionals particularly dietitians in directing children with insulin resistance towards adopting healthy diet and lifestyle.

Start: February 2020

The Effect of Liraglutide on Dietary Lipid Induced Insulin Resistance in Humans

In this research study, investigators will test the effects of an approved medication for diabetes,Liraglutide, to reduce insulin resistance that develops from eating a diet high in saturated fats.

Start: March 2013

Nesfatin-1 Level in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Insulin Resistance and Obesity

This research was planned to determine the level of nesfatin-1, known as satiety hormone, in type 2 diabetes, insulin diabetes and obesity patients and to determine whether there is a relationship between patients' energy intake levels. Additionally, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between patients' nesfatin-1 values and serum glucose, insulin, lipid concentrations.

Start: March 2020

Metabolic and Bone Changes After Adjuvant Cancer Treatments in Early Non-metastatic Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in European women. Patients treated for early non-metastatic breast cancer comprise a growing group of survivors due to early diagnosis and improved treatment. Many of these survivors experience adverse effects such as decreased bone mineral density, derangement of metabolic markers (fat, glucose, insulin) and increased blood pressure. Increasing risk of bone fracture and cardiometabolic disease (eg. diabetes mellitus type 2). The purpose of this study is to identify mechanisms behind cardiometabolic changes that may be connected to the (neo-)adjuvant treatment. On top of this we hope to indentify potential biological markers that can help prevent development of metabolic disease. We will be recruiting 120 post-menopausal women age 50-70 with early breast cancer and 1-2 times a year for 5 years examine bone mineral density, body composition, glucose and fat metabolism and nerve damage. A questionnaire will be used to collect information on diet, physical activity and quality of life. Derudover anvendes spørgeskemaer til at indsamle information vedrørende. This new knowledge will help clinicians start adequate preventive measures to help patients avoid cardiometabolic disease secondary to cancer treatment.

Start: December 2018

PCOS & Insulin Resistance Exercise Study

This study evaluates the feasibility and metabolic effects of implementing a structured exercise program in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance. Participants will be randomized to either 75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week.

Start: March 2015

Association of Insulin Resistance and FGF21 on Cardiac Function in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy

This study will investigate whether there is an association between insulin resistance and cardiac function in children with dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This study will also investigate whether there is an association between FGF21 and cardiac function in children with dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and whether this is mediated through greater insulin resistance and/or through independent effects.

Start: October 2019

Collection of Human Metabolic Tissues

This project aims at identifying new determinants of type 2 diabetes in severe obesity. To do so, a biological collection, including tissues of interest in the field of metabolism, will be collected during bariatric surgery in obese patients. Three different groups of metabolic status of patients, corresponding to different stages of evolution of the disease, will be constituted: type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity. The main objective is to compare, between these 3 groups of patients, several biological processes that may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and disorders associated with obesity, including: Abnormalities of the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome in all target tissues (plasma, serum, muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue, omental artery, liver) Identification of metabolic signatures, protein and miRNA in plasma Immunoinflammatory response in adipose tissue Polymorphisms SNP from whole blood Histological analysis of tissue sections This main objective will be studied on samples taken at the time of surgery Secondary objectives will be to study the changes in metabolites, proteins and miRNA in plasma level 3 and 12 months after the completion of surgery, according to the initial metabolic state.

Start: February 2016

Auricular Acupressure (AA) For Insulin Resistance in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The present trial is a pilot study to investigate the effect of auricular acupressure on insulin resistance in women with PCOS.A total of 100 subjects will be enrolled into this study and will be randomized into two groups. Auricular acupressure or sham auricular acupressure will be treated for three months. The primary outcome is the whole body insulin action assessed with HOMA-IR.

Start: July 2018

Metformin Use to Improve Pregnancy Outcome in Women With Type 1 Diabetes.

The study investigates whether additional metformin medication in combination with regular insulin treatment will decrease the need of insulin for women with diabetes mellitus type 1 during pregnancy.

Start: August 2019