Hydroxychloroquine in Children's Interstitial Lung Diseases With Genetic Causes

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Children Interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare respiratory disorders of known and unknown etiologies that are mostly chronic and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Genetic factors are important contributors to chILD. Genetic variations have been mainly describ...

Children Interstitial lung disease (chILD) is a heterogeneous group of rare respiratory disorders of known and unknown etiologies that are mostly chronic and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Genetic factors are important contributors to chILD. Genetic variations have been mainly described in genes encoding (or interacting with) the surfactant proteins (SP): SP-C (SFTPC) and the ATP-binding cassette-family A-member 3 (ABCA3) (ABCA3), and less frequently in the genes encoding NKX homeobox 2 (NKX2)-1 (NKX2-1), SP-B (SFTPB), SP-A (SFTPA) and other genes. Hydroxychloroquine has been reported to be useful in cases or case series of chILD including those with genetic causes alone or in combination with systemic steroids. However, the efficacy is highly variable and no randomized controlled study has been reported. The study is a randomized controlled investigation aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in chILD with genetic causes.

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