Radiotherapy Plus Nimotuzumab or Cisplatin in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

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Currently, NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines recommend induction chemotherapy combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy as IIA level-evidenced treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage II-IVa). However, although induction chemotherapy combined with cisplat...

Currently, NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines recommend induction chemotherapy combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy as IIA level-evidenced treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (stage II-IVa). However, although induction chemotherapy combined with cisplatin based concurrent radiotherapy (CCRT) can significantly improve the survival of patients, the side effects during radiotherapy are more serious. Previous studies have demonstrated that with a cut-off point of 1500 copies/mL, NPC patients could be segregated into a low-risk subgroup and a high-risk subgroup. Besides, our previous results showed that patients with plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA= 0 copy/mL and complete response/partial response (CR/PR) after induction chemotherapy had a significantly lower risk of disease progression than patients with plasma EBV DNA>0 copy/mL and stable disease /progressive disease (SD/PD),according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). As for these low-risk and chemotheray sensitive patients, it can be considered to reduce the current standard treatment intensity without affecting the survival rate of patients, which reduces the side effects of patients and improve the their life qualities. Epidermal growth factor (EGFR) is an important therapeutic target for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A retrospective study suggested that there was no significant difference in the 3-year overall survival between NPC patients who received nimotuzumab / cetuximab plus radiotherapy and those who received standard CCRT. Besides, in terms of hepatorenal toxicity, anti-EGFR drugs showed better safety compared with traditional cisplatin chemotherapy. Up to now, randomized clinical trial about the application of nimotuzumab after IC is still limited. This is a phase III randomized clinical trial of definitive radiotherapy plus EGFR blocker nimotuzumab versus radiotherapy plus cisplatin for NPC patients with favorable response after IC, determining whether radiotherapy combined with nimotuzumab was non-inferior to CCRT after IC and may provide new evidence for individualized comprehensive treatment of locoregionally advanced NPC.

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