Early Infant HIV Treatment in Botswana
Last updated on July 2021Recruitment
- Recruitment Status
- Active, not recruiting
- Estimated Enrollment
- 70
Summary
- Conditions
- HIV
- Pediatric AIDS
- Type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2Phase 3
- Design
- Allocation: Non-RandomizedIntervention Model: Parallel AssignmentMasking: None (Open Label)Primary Purpose: Treatment
Participation Requirements
- Age
- Younger than 56 years
- Gender
- Both males and females
Description
HIV-1 infection during adulthood leads to a stable, long-lasting viral reservoir in CD4 T cells that persists despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), and is responsible for rapid viral rebound once treatment is stopped in most cases. In neonates, HIV-1 infection occurs at a time when the a...
HIV-1 infection during adulthood leads to a stable, long-lasting viral reservoir in CD4 T cells that persists despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), and is responsible for rapid viral rebound once treatment is stopped in most cases. In neonates, HIV-1 infection occurs at a time when the adaptive immune system is still in development, which may alter the establishment of a long-lasting viral reservoir and offer opportunities to reduce viral persistence through early antiretroviral treatment. Recently, scientific understanding of neonatal HIV infection has been challenged by the description of an infant who tested positive for HIV at birth, was treated with potent combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) within the first 30 hours of life, and achieved long-term remission of HIV infection when ART was stopped approximately 18 months later. Unfortunately, after 2 years off ART, rebound viremia occurred in this child, yet this case raises the provocative question of whether ART initiated within the first days of life for an antepartum infection, or in the first days/weeks of life for a peripartum infection, can prevent the seeding of a long-lasting reservoir of HIV infected cells in some infants (and therefore lead to long periods of HIV remission off ART).
Tracking Information
- NCT #
- NCT02369406
- Collaborators
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- University of California, San Diego
- Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Roger L Shapiro, MD, MPH Harvard School of Public Health