300,000+ clinical trials. Find the right one.

679 active trials for Non -Small Cell Lung Cancer

A Study of Osimertinib With or Without Chemotherapy as 1st Line Treatment in Patients With Mutated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (FLAURA2)

The reason for the study is to find out if an experimental combination of an oral medication called osimertinib (TAGRISSO®) when used in combination with chemotherapy is more effective than giving osimertinib alone for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Some lung cancers are due to mutations in the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which, if known, can help physicians decide the best treatment for their patients. One type of mutation can occur in the gene that produces a protein on the surface of cells called the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR). Osimertinib is an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that targets Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations. Unfortunately, despite the benefit observed for patients treated with osimertinib, the vast majority of cancers are expected to develop resistance to the drug over time. The exact reasons why resistance develops are not fully understood but based upon clinical research it is hoped that combining osimertinib with another type of anti-cancer therapy known as chemotherapy will delay the onset of resistance and the worsening of a patient's cancer. In total the study aims to enroll approximately 586 patients, consisting of approximately 30 patients who will participate in a safety run-in component of the trial, and approximately 556 who will receive osimertinib alone or osimertinib in combination with chemotherapy in the main trial. In the main part of the trial there is a one in two chance of receiving osimertinib alone, and the treatment is decided at random by a computer. The study involves a Screening Period, Treatment Period, and Follow up Period. Whilst receiving study medication, it is expected patients will attend, on average, approximately 15 visits over the first 12 months and then approximately 4 visits per year afterwards. Each visit will last about 2 to 6 hours depending on the arrangement of medical assessments by the study centre.

Start: July 2019
Prospective Study to Evaluate the Blood Kinetics of Immune Cells and Immunosuppressive Cytokines After Exposure to an Immunity Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI): Study of the Impact of Chemotherapy

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common histological form, accounting for 85% of all bronchopulmonary cancers (PBC). The advent of Immunity Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) targeting Programmed cell Death-1 (PD-1) is changing current treatment algorithms. Preliminary results from work carried out in the Medical Oncology Department of the University Hospital of Tours suggest that immunotherapy targeting PD-1, when administered beforehand, increases the effect of catch-up chemotherapy. In NSCLC, the progression-free survival (PFS) of 3rd line chemotherapy after anti-PD-1 immunotherapy was better than the PFS of 3rd line chemotherapy performed at the end of conventional chemotherapy. Moreover, the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy gives paradoxically better results than immunotherapy alone. Immunotherapy restores the anti-tumor T immunity inhibited by the cancer cell. While the mode of action of ICIs is well known, the mechanisms of resistance to them are poorly understood. Several pathways are evoked, in particular the modulation of cellular interactions within the tumour microenvironment (TME), the molecular expression profile of cancer cells, or the immunological status of the patient. Regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) participate in the maintenance of immune system homeostasis by ensuring tolerance to self antigens. Within TME, Treg inhibit anti-tumor T cell activity and potentiate tumor proliferation. The latter, by specifically recognizing tumor antigens, block the activity of effector T lymphocytes directed against tumor cells. Thus, an increase in circulating Treg concentrations and in TME is a poor prognostic factor, especially in NSCLC. Gemcitabine chemotherapy is commonly used in the management of NSCLC. Recent data show that gemcitabine decreases Treg activity and regulates levels of anti-inflammatory TME cytokines such as IL10, TGF-? and interferon-?. The hypothesis of this study is that the decrease in Treg blood concentration by catch-up chemotherapy restores sensitivity to immunotherapy.

Start: May 2021
Efficacy and Safety of High Dose Aprepitant Treatment in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in worldwide. It is projected that the vast majority, approximately 80% -85% of all lung cancer diagnosis is Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Although there are significant improvements in the treatment of Lung Cancer in recent years, there is still an unmet medical need for a specific population which have advanced NSCLC and mostly is refractory to existing treatments. NK-1 antagonists are generally safe and well-tolerated drugs and approved for the treatment of chemotherapy induced vomiting and nausea. However, the recent findings in preclinical studies and preliminary results of some case reports have suggested that their potential in cancer treatment may not be limited to only antiemetic effects. In addition to the role of NK-1 pathway in emesis, the neuropeptide substance P (SP) binds to Neurokinin-1(NK-1) receptor and this binding regulates the carcinogenic cell proliferation, exerts an antiapoptotic effect, stimulates cell migration that leads to invasion and metastasis of tumor cells and lastly stimulates neoangiogenesis via endothelial cell proliferation. In this regard, the antitumoral effects of NK-1 antagonists against different types of cancer are a leading area of research interest and need for further investigation. Currently, there are three NK-1 receptor antagonists approved by health authorities: Aprepitant (Emend), its pro-drug, fosaprepitant (Ivemend) and rolapitant (Varubi). All of these drugs are non-peptid NK antagonists and have lipophilic properties. Therefore, they are not degraded by peptidase and can cross the blood-brain barrier (4). In addition to the potential effects of NK-1 antagonists in tumor area, their penetration to central nervous system may also prevent from or reduce the brain metastasis. The long term use of aprepitant as off-label is relatively common. In several case reports, long term use of aprepitant, up to 18 months, was successfully demonstrated in the treatment of refractory nausea and vomiting due to gastroparesis or other unexplained reasons. Additionally, in a very recent publication, it was reported that for the nausea and vomiting associated gastroparesis, long-term off label use of aprepitant was successfully received and well tolerated by three children (5 to 19 month-old) in the course of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In the light of findings in preclinical studies, the antitumor effects of NK-1 antagonists are dose-dependent and the higher doses than approved antiemetic effective dose are need to achieve the antitumor activity. For aprepitant which will be used in present study, it has been recommended >20 mg/kg/day and prolonged use for antitumor activity. In a case report, prolonged use of standard aprepitant dose in a patient with metastatic breast cancer, had resulted with a reduction in CA153 tumor marker levels. In another recently published case report, a patient with lung cancer was treated with combination of aprepitant (1140 mg/day) and radiotherapy for 45 days, it has been reported that the tumor massed had disappeared without any side effect related to aprepitant treatment. It is fact that the evidence is not clear yet and further investigation in clinical trial settings is still needed for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of high doses and long-term use of aprepitant, especially when administered alone to determine its own effect.

Start: March 2021
I-125 Seeds Implantation in the Treatment of Recurrent Lung Cancer After Radiotherapy

Patients with recurrence after radiotherapy are often encountered in clinical practice.Patients with recurrence after radiotherapy are less likely to undergo surgery or secondary radiotherapy, and the guidelines recommend only systemic therapy, although the effective rate is relatively low.For patients with local recurrence without distant metastasis, local treatment is still significant.Radioactive I-125 Seed Implantation (RISI) treatment is to I-125 Radioactive nuclide directly inside the implanted tumors, make its rays to continuous destruction of tumor cells, have inside the tumor target high dose, low dose of normal tissue around, and its radiation is low dose rate, in theory, more conducive to the protection of the normal tissue, more suitable for salvage treatment of recurrence after radiotherapy lesions.Some retrospective studies on RISI treatment of NSCLC showed that the local control rate was up to 25%-80%, and there were few reports of toxic and side effects, suggesting that it had good efficiency and safety.Therefore, for patients with recurrent NSCLC after chest radiotherapy, RISI may be considered.And template technology, 3 d printing is a new kind of technology in recent years, can be individualized and human body surface, the guide posts on the the direction of the puncture needle can be accurately controlled, the current data show that in the template with CT guided by solid tumors as well had significantly higher accuracy, as the actual target dose of basic postoperative can reach the design request of the preoperative planning, so the application of 3D printing template helps to further improve the operation efficiency and safety, also has potential promotion effect to curative effect.The purpose of this study was: (1) to observe the efficacy, toxic and side effects of RISI in the treatment of recurrent NSCLC after radiotherapy under the guidance of 3D printing template assisted CT, and to evaluate its safety and effectiveness;(2) to explore the relationship between the efficacy, toxicity and side effects of RISI dose in the treatment of recurrent NSCLC after radiotherapy;(3) analyze the relevant influencing factors affecting the effect/toxicity of RISI in the treatment of recurrent NSCLC after radiotherapy.

Start: May 2020