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44 active trials for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

IH 1Tx32Rx Head Array

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic tool in medicine that generates high quality images of the human body without the use of x-rays. Volunteers will be asked to participate in a study to evaluate improved MRI hardware that can be used to enhance the ability of MRI as a diagnostic tool. Specifically, this hardware is designed to acquire high quality images of the brain. This MRI hardware will eventually be integrated into a positron emission tomography (PET) system, which will be able to detect trace amounts of brain disease and/or brain function simultaneously with MRI. The combined system is known as a PET/MRI. For the purposes of this test, we are just evaluating the MRI hardware, which will be installed in a plastic mockup of the PET system.

Start: November 2020

Preventive VT Substrate Ablation in Ischemic Heart Disease

The investigators hypothesize that preventive VT substrate ablation in patients with chronic ICM, previously selected based on imaging criteria (BZC mass) for their likely high arrhythmic risk, is safe and effective in preventing clinical VT events.

Start: June 2021

Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Vascular Flows of Radial, Ulnar and Interdigital Arterial Trees Under Normal and Pathological Conditions by 3 Tesla MRI

Allotransplants of vascularized composite tissues are subject to chronic vascular rejection, which can lead to graft loss. Currently, no imaging technique allows a reproducible quantitative exploration of the arterial trees of the hand, and therefore a satisfactory monitoring of transplants. Since 2014, flow MRI has been applied to the analysis of small-calibre arteries by the Image Processing Team at the Amiens-Picardie University Hospital. Between 2015 and 2017, several acquisitions were made in 3 patients who received facial allotransplantation, and the team recently developed a flow MRI protocol dedicated to the study of arterial trees in the hand. The main objective is to measure vascular flows of radial, ulnar and interdigital arterial trees in normal (healthy volunteers) and pathological situations (patients with radial forearm flap reconstruction and patients with hand allotransplantation) using the specifically developed flow MRI protocol.

Start: September 2021

Effects of PEEP on Heart and Lungs in Obese Subjects

Aim of this study is to better understand pathophysiology of the alteration of respiratory mechanics and cardiovascular function in obese volunteer subjects. The investigators plan to test this hypothesis with a physiological, interventional study conducted on volunteers by using Electrical Impedance Tomography in a group of patients and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in another group.

Start: April 2018

Cognitive Changes and Neural Correlates After Rehabilitation of Masticatory Function in Elderly -an Intervention Study

Today in elderly tooth loss and loss of oral function is widespread, but it is an underexplored modifiable risk factor potentially contributing to the development of dementia. In this interventional study a "cause-effect" relationship between mastication and cognition in humans will be investigated. A total of eighty (80) participants, 65-80 years of age, indicated for prosthodontic rehabilitation will be randomly assigned to either the experimental or the control group. Participants will be randomized into two different groups, measurements are going to be conducted before and after prosthetic rehabilitation. The difference between the two groups is that the control group are going to do two measurements before undergoing the rehabilitation, this to control for the test-re-test effect. The aim with this study is to determine if the rehabilitation of chewing function will cause changes in the neurocognitive assessments of episodic memory and learning.

Start: November 2018

Clinical Application of Fibroblast Activation Protein PET/MRI in Liver Fibrosis

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) provides a valuable tool for the diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. Activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is a key link in the pathophysiological development of liver fibrosis. In human liver tissue, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) was only expressed in active HSCs and fibroblasts, but not in static HSCs. Therefore, FAP has become an excellent target for diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis. Recently, radionuclide-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) as a new novel positron tracer has shown to be effective to detect various cancers. In this prospective study, the investigators will use the most advanced imaging equipments, integrated PET/MR, and PET/CT with gallium-68 (68Ga) -FAPI to image patients with or suspected of liver fibrosis, the aim is to explore the value of 68Ga-FAPI hybrid PET/MR and PET/CT in liver fibrosis.

Start: July 2020

T2* MRI Analysis for Sarcoma

T2* imaging is a method to identify labile iron pools in tumor cells. These iron pools may be linked to better treatment outcomes for specific types of therapy. This is a small pilot study to see if radiation therapy changes the amount of iron in a sarcoma tumor.

Start: September 2018

Diffusion Tensor (DTI) for the Assessement of Therapeutic Evolution of Patients With Acute Lumbar Radiculalgia

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive MRI technique offering a functional approach that provides morphological information about the microstructures of the nerve roots. DTI is a widely used neuroimaging technique and is a current topic of research in the field of peripheral nerve imaging.The aim of the study is to determine the prognostic quality of the DTI parameters to predict the therapeutic evolution of patients with lumbar radiculalgia at 6 months.

Start: January 2021

High-resolution 7 Tesla MRI of C-spine - Comparison With 3 Tesla MRI

High-resolution MRI (7 Tesla) of the cervical spine is capable to differentiate osseous spurs from discus-material and better depict the compressed nerve in the neuroforamen compared to 3T MRI. Provide the surgeon with a detailed high-resolution anatomical image before surgery and potential no need for CT (if the bony anatomy is of crucial importance).

Start: July 2020

High-resolution MRI (7 Tesla) of the Cervical Spine in Asymptomatic Individuals

High-resolution MRI (7 Tesla) of the cervical spine is capable to provide good differentiation between nerve and surrounding tissues within foramen und allows to reliably quantify the diameter of nerve roots/ganglia. Secondly, detailed anatomy of vertebral artery and its relation to neural structures / foramina can be assessed.

Start: June 2020

Risk Factors in Early Multiple Sclerosis

The central hypothesis of this protocol is that it is possible, using First Degree Relatives (FDRs) of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and assessing a variety of both known and unknown risk factors for MS, to define a risk algorithm for earliest signs of development of MS. The plan will be to do an abbreviated brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan in asymptomatic, young FDRs, analyse blood for a variety of immunological, genetic, neuroaxonal damage, metabolic, viral serology and other markers, and have FDRs fill out a detailed bioscreen questionnaire about lifestyle factors and perform a cognitive screening test. The investigators will then compare the results of the various blood/other studies in FDRs with and without an MRI showing signs signs concerning for MS, as well as age-and sex-matched NON-FDRs who will have blood drawn and fill out the questionnaire. With this preliminary cross-sectional study, the investigators hope to begin to identify a risk stratification model for those at highest risk of developing MS, ie FDRs, with a long-term goal of developing a longitudinal study to increase sensitivity and specificity of the risk model.

Start: July 2018

Ketamine Alcohol (in Treatment-Resistant Depression)

A single subanesthetic dose infusion of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist ketamine has rapid and robust antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-refractory major depressive disorder (TRD). A family history of an alcohol use disorder (Family History Positive, FHP) is one of the strongest identified predictors of an improved antidepressant response to ketamine. Like ketamine, alcohol is a functional NMDA receptor antagonist. FHP is associated with differential response to both alcohol, e.g. decreased body sway and plasma cortisol, and ketamine, e.g. blunted psychotomimetic side effects. One of the primary mechanistic hypotheses for ketamine's antidepressant action is the acute intrasynaptic release of glutamate from major output neurons, e.g. cortical pyramidal cells. Preliminary clinical studies have demonstrated this acute glutamate "surge" in response to subanesthetic dose ketamine. Based on these findings, the investigators hypothesize that ketamine's enhanced antidepressant efficacy in FHP TRD subjects is, at least in part, attributable to increased glutamate release relative to TRD subjects without a family history of alcohol use disorder (Family History Negative, FHN). The investigators also hypothesize that alcohol similarly augments glutamate release in this bio- logically-enriched subgroup, which may be a more objective biomarker than family history status. To test these hypotheses, the investigators have designed a now two-site, open-label study of 21-65 year old medically and neurologically healthy, currently moderately-to-severely depressed TRD patients. In total, the investigators plan to recruit 25 FHP and 25 FHN TRD subjects. All subjects must not have a lifetime substance use disorder (except nicotine or caffeine), no lifetime history of an alcohol use disorder and socially drink. The experimental portion consists of two phases. The preliminary first phase is a medication taper (if needed) and psychotropic medication-free period. The experimental second phase comprises two pharmacokinetically-defined basal-bolus alcohol and one subanesthetic dose (0.5mg/kg x 40 minute) ketamine infusions. The first alcohol infusion will establish the pharmacokinetic profile for a subsequent alcohol infusion occurring during 7T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), both resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to detect glutamate in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex/ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vmPFC/vACC). The ketamine infusion will also occur during 7T-MRI. The primary outcome measure is group mean change in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score from pre-ketamine infusion (baseline) to one week post-infusion, where the investigators observed ketamine's greatest antidepressant effect in FHP TRD. Additional outcome measures are vmPFC/vACC glutamate change in response to ketamine and alcohol challenge based on family history status. In summary, this study will provide key mechanistic information on ketamine's improved antidepressant efficacy in a biologically-enriched subgroup. This will contribute to the systematic development of more efficacious, personalized treatments for major depression in an effort to reduce its enormous public health burden.

Start: April 2014

Study of New Imaging Criteria for the Diagnosis of Caroli's Disease

The Caroli disease is a very rare pathology that can be revealed early in childhood or in adulthood, whose diagnosis is based on Magnetic Resonance CholangioPancreatography, which shows the communication of these malformations with the rest of the biliary tree and allows to eliminate biliary stenosis. The radiologist has a central role in the diagnostic orientation between malformative intra-hepatic bile duct dilatation and obstructive benign or malignant intra-hepatic bile duct dilatation dilatation. However, imaging of Caroli disease is polymorphous and therefore subject to misinterpretation. The benefit of this research is to reduce diagnostic errors by highlighting imaging criteria specific to the Caroli disease

Start: March 2020

Improving Insulin Sensitivity by Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

Efforts in curing and preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been elusive thus far. One reason for that is the lack of understanding of the role of the brain in the development and treatment of the disease. In recent studies, the hypothalamus was identified as part of a brain network including higher cognitive regions that is particularly vulnerable to insulin resistance. Furthermore, the central insulin response in this network predicted food craving and hunger. In this project, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is implemented as a tool to stimulate brain networks. The investigators hypothesize that stimulating the hypothalamus-cognitive network will enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce food intake, food craving and hunger. Furthermore, the project will provide the unique opportunity to investigate novel mechanisms of insulin resistance in participants who have been extensively metabolically characterized.

Start: May 2020

Multimodal Imaging in the Study of Disorientation in the Hospital

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether markers of brain structure and function from MRI are associated with different levels of spatial orientation and gait parameters in people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to Alzheimer's disease when walking through a real world environment.

Start: October 2019

The Application of 3T MRI in Esophageal Cancer

It is very significant that assessing TN staging in esophageal cancer patients before surgery, furthermore, determining the optimize surgical strategy, predict the the efficacy of radiotherapy for patients who were not chosen to be surgeried, and define the range of lymph node for radiotherapy. It has been reported that the application of MRI in metastasis of lymph node of other cancer, but not in metastasis lymph node with esophageal cancer. Only a few studies focused on T staging using conventional MRI in esophageal cancer, however, relatively new sequences in the chest deserve widely used. To develop a pre-treatment evaluation methods for TN staging in patient with esophageal cancer by utilization of the new imaging methods (T2-TSE-BLADE, T2 maps, StarVIBE). By analysising the relationship between TN staging and imaging features to find the imaging characteristics for TN staging, and to find the indicators of magnetic resonance imaging new technology and reference values for facilitate pre-treatment diagnosis of lymphnode metastasis, optimize surgical strategy, predict the the efficacy of adjunctive therapy, and OS and define the range of lymph node for radiotherapy, as making personal treatment planning for esophageal cancer.

Start: September 2018

Response Prediction for Anti-angiogenic Treatment in Recurrent Glioblastoma

This study aims to evaluate whether pre-treatment MRI can be used to predict treatment response for anti-angiogenic treatment in glioblastomas.

Start: February 2020

Lumbar Bracing for People With Type I Modic Changes

Despite the high prevalence of low back pain, little is still known about its underlying pathology. Only a small proportion of people (~1%) have a diagnosable pathoanatomical entity causing low back pain. The other types of back pain are classified as non-specific low back pain. Thus, current back pain management typically focuses on relieving symptoms. This is largely ineffective without understanding the cause. Yet, there are some pathologies which are thought to be associated with low back pain. Vertebral bone marrow oedemas are now known to be a hallmark feature for low back pain. There are three types of vertebral bone marrow oedemas. Type I oedemas are dynamic lesions that may progress to a higher grade, stop, or even return to normal. Although the precise cause of type I oedemas is not well understood, loading on the spine plays a key role in its development. Lumbar braces are known to reduce loads on the spine. Thus, they may reduce the size of oedema by modifying loads on the spine. The investigators already know that wearing a lumbar brace reduces pain in people with back pain and type I vertebral bone marrow oedemas. Unfortunately, there is no study showing that pain reduction with bracing is associated with a reduction of oedema. The goal of this study is to determine if wearing a lumbar brace for six weeks will reduce the dimensions of type I vertebral bone marrow oedema.

Start: July 2019

French National Observatory Tracking Viral Myocarditis: Mortality, Cardiovascular Events, Sequels on (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) MRI

Acute myocarditis is a serious illness affecting a young population with a very variable course (of full recovery at the onset of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), or even sudden death). Very few studies have examined the predictors of death and serious cardiovascular events in acute myocarditis and have carried on numbers of restricted patients. What little data results in a lack of a precise recommendation on the management and the follow-up period of patients. This observational study should identify serious prognostic factor for cardiovascular events in order to provide a support strategy and more appropriate monitoring of myocarditis.

Start: April 2016

EXplanted LIver and Ex-vivo Pancreatic Specimen Evaluation by 7 TESLA MRI

Aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the characteristics detected by the 7T MRI equipment and the histological composition of native explanted livers (group A), liver graft excluded for donation (group B) and surgical specimens of primary pancreatic tumour, which underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (group C).

Start: May 2019