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92 active trials for Health Behavior

Readiness Supportive Leadership Training

This study is a randomized controlled trial that will assess the effects of an evidence based, multi-component, leadership support intervention, Resilience-Supportive Leadership Training (RESULT), using accelerated learning strategies aimed at improving Service Member resilience and readiness in the military. The intervention is expected to increase perceptions of resilience-supportive behaviors, resilience indicators, and related behavioral health outcomes such as emotion regulation, connectedness, team cohesion, psychological health, and physical health following the training from the perspective of the Service Member.

Start: September 2020

The Impact of 8 Weeks of Digital Meditation Application and Healthy Eating Program on Work Stress and Health Outcomes

The aim of the present study is to test the effects of a digital meditation intervention and/or a healthy eating intervention in a sample of UCSF employees with overweight and obesity (BMI>=25kg/m2) who report mild to moderate stress. We will randomize UCSF employees to 8-weeks of a digital meditation intervention (using the commercially available application, Headspace), a healthy eating intervention, a digital meditation+healthy eating intervention, or a waitlist control condition.

Start: February 2019

Interactive Parent-Targeted Text Messaging in Pediatric Clinics to Reduce Caries Among Urban Children

This is a 3 year clincal study, to test the efficacy of a parent-targeted text message-based intervention program on caries incidence and oral health behaviors (child and parent). Parents (n= 850) across all pediatric clinic sites (Boston Medical Center and Community Health Centers (CHCs); DotHouse CHC and Codman Square CHC) will be randomized to receive either text messages (TMs) regarding oral health or TMs regarding child wellness. The study will enroll English and Spanish speaking parents and their youngest child who is < 7 years old, has at least one tooth showing, and attends the targeted pediatric clinic to receive primary care (n= 1700). Parents will complete self-report surveys at baseline, and 2, 4, 12, and 24-months after baseline; receive and respond to TM assessments during the 4-month intervention; and will also receive TMs during a 'booster' period of one month, which will occur 12-months post baseline. Parent's children will be assessed for caries by a clinical oral examination performed by licensed Clinical Examiners at baseline, 12-and-24-months post-baseline.

Start: March 2018

Health Behavior Change During COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims at investigating handwashing behavior during COVID-19 pandemic. It was hypothesized that social-cognitive and emotional predictors as well as COVID-19 morbidity and mortality rates within the country would be associated with handwashing behavior in the general population of adults in 14 countries.

Start: March 2020

Active Workplace Study

Exposure to sedentary work is an occupational hazard with significant health and safety consequences. Sedentary behavior is an independent predictor of heart disease, diabetes, early mortality, and accounts for the majority of the increase in obesity in the US. Prolonged sitting, common in modern sedentary work environments, contributes to increases in musculoskeletal pain, injuries, and detrimental changes in physiological functioning. Call center employees, who are among the most sedentary workers in the US, area priority population for Total Worker Health interventions. This project is designed to substantially improve health, safety, and well-being in call center employees, including physiological outcomes that contribute to chronic diseases.The study tests whether a Total Worker Health oriented intervention is more effective than usual practices for increasing the utilization of health and safety resources and improving worker health and safety. Study results will have implications for over 30 million sedentary workers in the US.

Start: July 2018

Evaluation of a Socio-ecological Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Intervention for Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Hasidic Women

The purpose of this research study is to design, implement, and evaluate a community level, socio-ecological based CVD prevention intervention using a participatory approach for women in a homogeneous ultra-Orthodox Jewish Hasidic community in Israel. A quasi-experimental, pre-post study design will be utilized, where all community participants will be exposed to intervention components. Pre and post samples will be selected through randomized cluster sampling of pre-existing community groups. It is hypothesized that ultra-Orthodox Jewish Hasidic women exposed to this community intervention will have improved healthy eating behaviors, reduced unhealthy eating behaviors, increased engagement in physical activity and sleep, and reduced risk for obesity (weight, BMI).

Start: November 2013

The UnProcessed Pantry Project (UP3)

There is a need to develop evidence-based interventions that rural food pantries can use to limit the distribution and intake of ultra-processed foods and promote the distribution and intake of minimally processed foods in the food environment and among low-income populations to promote better dietary quality and health outcomes. This research project, The UnProcessed Pantry Project (UP3): A Novel Approach to Improving Dietary Quality for Low-Income Adults Served by Rural Food Pantries, uses the Social-Ecological Model to target multiple levels, including the food supply in the rural study location (community level), the food environment at the food pantry (environmental level), and participant dietary intake (individual level). Aim 1 will adapt evidence-based strategies to inform UP3. UP3 will improve dietary quality by influencing the food supply through organization-wide nutrition policies, modifying the food environment with minimally processed foods and nudges, and changing participant dietary intake through experiential nutrition education. The UP3 pilot study will be conducted during Aim 2 with 40 participants served by two rural food pantries in Montana. The purpose of the pilot study is to investigate potential short-term effects on nutrient intake and dietary quality (primary outcome), assess acceptability of UP3 among participants, and evaluate feasibility in rural food pantry environments. It is hypothesized that UP3 will improve access to minimally processed foods and decrease access to ultra-processed foods at the food pantry, which will improve overall dietary quality of individuals as measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 compared to baseline and to the control group. Demographic and food security data will characterize the population. Psychosocial factors will be collected to understand changes in knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about processed foods. Biomarkers of health data (i.e., weight, systolic blood pressure, HbA1c, fasting lipid panel) will be collected to determine the feasibility of measuring potential short-term health effects alongside UP3. A control group of 20 participants at a rural food pantry will be used to assess dietary intake, psychosocial factors, height, and weight. Aim 3 will tailor UP3 for a scalable intervention suited for an R01 grant application to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT). UP3 is positioned to demonstrate the positive effects of limiting processed foods and increasing unprocessed and minimally processed foods on diets and, potentially, health among low-income populations. The short-term goals of this research are to develop an adaptable and scalable intervention suitable for rural food pantries serving low-income populations, as well as potentially contribute to a knowledge base around potential short-term effects of the minimally processed foods diet on dietary quality and health risks in those populations. The longer-term goals are to test the efficacy of the intervention in an RCT and then disseminate the approach to be integrated into rural food pantries serving low-income populations with the goal of decreasing health risks.

Start: January 2020

Community Health Workers in Pediatric Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes

The primary aim of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to determine if the integration of a Community Health Worker (CHW) into the healthcare team of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes is associated with an improvement in diabetes control. The secondary objectives are to determine if utilization of CHWs is also associated with improvements in psychosocial outcomes, healthcare utilization, and decreased costs.

Start: December 2019

Children and Teens in Charge of Their Health

This three year study explores the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a full randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a promising coaching intervention for improving and sustaining physical activity (PA) and healthy dietary habits in children with physical disabilities (CWPD). Thirty children (ages 10 - 18) will spend 12 months in the study. All will receive usual care and basic printed information about healthy lifestyles. In addition, 15 will receive a coaching intervention for the first six months. Pre-defined success criteria will assess the feasibility of trial processes. Acceptability of trial participation and impact of coaching will be explored qualitatively. Health indicators and psychosocial outcomes will be assessed four times, at the start of the trial, immediately post-intervention and at three and six months post-intervention.

Start: March 2018

HPV Vaccination Health-promotion Programme on Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake Among Female Adolescents

The MDL-SHPVP will be developed and a clustered randomised controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the effects of the MDL-SHPVP and to examine whether the effect of the MDL-SHPVP on the rate of HPV vaccine uptake 1 year after intervention is mediated by parents'/guardians' and female adolescents' HPV knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, adolescents' intention to receive HPV vaccination and vaccine acceptance among their parents/guardians.

Start: December 2020

Effect of Hip Hop Nutrition-Math Curriculum

This study is testing the efficacy of the integrative approach to: teach 5th grade children menu board calorie literacy as measured by our novel recently validated menu board calorie literacy (MBCL) instrument; provide strategies designed to improve food purchasing behaviors; and facilitate the transmission of core lesson messages from children to parents via a procedure that we have termed "Child Mediated Health Communication (CMHC)".

Start: January 2019

How do Super Lean Subjects Keep Resistant to Body Weight Gain?

Obesity is the 5th leading cause of global death, and is major risk factors for many chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension and cancer. Obesity is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure, and it is widely agreed to be a consequence of a gene by environment interaction. Although on average obesity rates are increasing, the shape of the distribution of adiposity is changing: it is becoming more right skewed. This is because there is a population of very lean subjects that has remained almost unchanged by the epidemic. The investigators have called these very lean individuals that are resistant to the epidemic and sustain a BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 'super lean' subjects. We have very little understanding of the lifestyles of these individuals and how they are able to maintain their super lean phenotype, and whether the basis of their leanness is primarily genetics.

Start: April 2017

Cconsumer Perspective and Understanding of the Term "Milk"

The objectives of this study are: To determine the consumption behaviors of dairy and non-dairy milks across a diverse demographic. To determine the purchasing behaviors of dairy and non-dairy milks across a diverse demographic. To determine the variation in medical history and health conditions amongst consumers of dairy milk and non-dairy milk alternatives. To assess the general knowledge and awareness of health associated with dairy milk and non-dairy milk alternatives.

Start: July 2018

Piloting Conversation Cards for Adolescents

Providers are not opportunistic enough in addressing lifestyle habits of teens, and can benefit from appropriate tools to support their conversations with families as well as engage all family members in making changes. Since most teens with obesity do not meet minimum lifestyle recommendations, our team developed Conversation Cards for Adolescents (CCAs), a tool to help teens and providers communicate and set lifestyle goals together. In this study, the investigators will (i) observe if and how CCAs fit in a clinical setting for changing teen-provider interactions and teens's lifestyle habits, (ii) ask teens and providers for their thoughts on CCAs and how they are used, and (iii) determine preliminary impact of CCAs on teen behaviors and clinical factors. The investigators will do this with around 50 teens from a primary/secondary care clinic in Edmonton, Alberta. Teens will be randomized to one of two groups - one group will use CCAs in their appointment with their providers to set a goal for change, while the other will also set a goal for change, but without using CCAs. Results from this study will give us insight into how CCAs are best used in a clinical setting and will help us plan a future full-scale study.

Start: March 2019

Development and Implementation of Food Literacy Workshops in the Community

Nutritional factors are responsible for 10% of the global health burden. In Israel, 31% of Jewish women and 52% of Arab women are obese. It is predicted that this generation will see increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) and decreased life expectancy. Sustained lifestyle changes including small changes in nutrition behavior, can substantially reduce the risk of CVD. Eating habits are affected by different abilities, circumstances, and skill sets, however, most nutrition programs focus on nutrition facts, and less on skills that can help translate knowledge to positive health behaviors and health outcomes. In the last decade a new field has emerged, Food literacy (FL), which acknowledges the importance of addressing skills such as nutrition knowledge, competencies, self-efficacy, literacy and health literacy, so as to enable positive change in nutrition behaviors. Food literacy, in summary, is the capability to make healthy food choices in different contexts, settings and situations. The proposed program seeks to improve nutrition behaviors in disadvantaged communities via a train-the-trainers program, that will provide community leaders with the tools necessary to disseminate FL skills through the framework of existing community social-structures.

Start: May 2019

Primary Care Provider Supply and Patient Outcomes

The evidence on how primary care provider supply and skill relates to patient outcomes is limited and inconclusive. The issue of skill is a particularly important one in low-income countries where the shortage of skilled medical professionals has led to greater use of the task-shifting model in which medical tasks are redistributed from highly skilled health workers to mid-level providers who receive less training. In this large-scale cluster-randomized trial, the investigators randomly select primary health care facilities to receive a highly skilled provider (a doctor), a mid-level health provider, or no additional providers (the control group). The investigators study the effect of this intervention on patient outcomes. Embedded within this trial is another experimental intervention in which pregnant women residing in communities served by the primary health care facilities are assigned to receive a cash transfer conditional on using antenatal, delivery and postnatal care. The investigators study the effect of the cash transfer on health care utilization and on maternal and infant outcomes.

Start: March 2017

Effects of an mHealth Intervention to Improve Health Behaviors Among Sedentary Workers

Background: Studies have shown the negative impact of physical inactivity, sedentary and unhealthy eating behavior on worker health and productivity. Sedentary workers are at greater risk of developing chronic diseases due to these behavioral risk factors. The literature moderately supports mHealth interventions for promoting physical activity and healthy diets. However, there is a dearth of research on mHealth interventions targeting the clustering of physical activity, sedentary and dietary behavior among sedentary workers in the occupational setting. Furthermore, there is a lack of evidence on its long-term sustainability and cost-effectiveness on health behaviors as well as health-related and work- related outcomes. Purpose: To evaluate a 12-week theory-driven, tailored mHealth intervention for improving diet, physical activity and sedentary behavior among sedentary workers. Three specific aims are to: (1) determine intervention participants' perceptions of and engagement with the mHealth program components to understand intervention effects by surveys and focus groups; (2) determine the effectiveness of the mHealth intervention compared to usual care; and (3) determine the cost-effectiveness of the mHealth intervention compared to usual care, using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Methods: This is a three-year research project. Year 1 is mHealth intervention delivery and evaluation using a quasi-experimental design. Concepts of social cognitive theory of self-regulation and self-efficacy and an ecological model provide the theoretical foundation for the intervention. Year 2 will be primarily to evaluate the intervention. Year 3 will be primarily an international comparison of cost-effectiveness of mHealth interventions to improve diet, physical activity and sedentary behavior for employees. A total of 100 sedentary workers (50 per condition) will be recruited from two workplaces. The intervention group will have access to the Internet for using a newly developed Simple health web app and receive an activity tracker. A sample of 100 is required to detect differences in primary outcomes: cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, productivity loss, body composition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary behavior; and secondary outcomes: self-report self-efficacy and self-regulation, at baseline, 3-, 12-, and 24-month follow up. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) will be used to examine intervention effects over time.

Start: April 2020

Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study

To examine the impact of health determinants at the individual (e.g. health related behaviors) and societal level (e.g. environmental factors, health related policy, quality of health systems) on health outcomes (e.g. death, non-communicable disease development) across a range of socioeconomic and health resource settings. Additional components of this study will examine genetic factors for non-communicable diseases. This will be examined both through a cross sectional component, and prospectively (cohort component).

Start: January 2002

Feasibility of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Intervention for Black Women Living With HIV

The investigator propose to culturally adapt the mindfulness-based stress reduction (MSBR) intervention for Black/African American women living with HIV (WLWH) to reduce stress and enhance HIV self-care behaviors and viral load (VL) suppression, which has the potential to attenuate prominent racial and gender disparities experienced by Black WLWH in the US. Specifically, the investigator aims to 1) culturally adapt the MBSR intervention for Black WLWH using ADAPT-ITT; 2) pre-pilot the adapted intervention via an open non-randomized pilot study to further refine the culturally adapted intervention; and 3) conduct a 2-armed randomized pilot test of the behavioral intervention compared to standard of care to assess the feasibility and acceptability the adapted MBSR intervention for Black WLWH. The investigator hypothesis that the adapted intervention will be feasible and acceptable to member of the target population.

Start: August 2021

Effects of Individual, Dyadic, and Collaborative Plans on Physical Activity in Patient-Partner Dyads

THE AIMS: The project aims at investigating of the effects of three types of planning (individual planning, collaborative planning, and dyadic planning) on physical activity.The influence of three planning interventions are compared with an active control condition, including physical activity education. PARTICIPANTS: The effects of the interventions are evaluated among dyads of patient and his/her partner. The patients with physical activity-related chronic diseases (cerebrovascular diseases or diabetes) will be enrolled. A minimum of 50 dyads enrolled into the each arm of the trial (a total of 200 dyads). The interventions consist of six planning sessions. DESIGN: The dyads are randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions. The assessment of the main and secondary outcomes is conducted at the baseline, at 1 week after the first intervention session, at post-intervention (after six intervention sessions are completed), and at 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. OUTCOMES: Physical activity constitutes the main outcome, whereas health-related quality of life (HRQOL), body mass index, as well as the self-regulatory strategy called the use of planning (individual, dyadic and collaborative) are secondary outcomes.

Start: March 2016