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170 active trials for Cardiovascular Risk Factor

Cold Water Immersion and Atherosclerosis, Inflammation, Fat Accumulation and Lipid Profile Parameters

The impact of the environment on human health is considerable. An important factor is the effect of temperature on the human body, where either the effects of short-term exposure to extreme temperatures (cryotherapy, sauna, etc.) or the long-term environmental impact are monitored. The study was focused on research of the long-term effect of repeated CWI on atherogenesis, lipid parameters and fat distribution.

Start: October 2018

Effects of Substituting Sitting With Standing and Light Intensity Activity in Free-living Conditions on Glycaemia in Overweight and Obese South Asian Adults

The purpose of this study is to examine whether substituting sitting with standing and light-intensity activity in free-living conditions can reduce glycaemia in overweight/obese South Asian adults.

Start: November 2020

Lipid Profile and Weight After Pregnancy

A randomized controlled trial aiming to investigate the effects of diet behavior intervention postpartum on body weight and lipid and metabolite profile in overweight and obese women in Oslo, Norway

Start: August 2017

Translating the ABCS Into HIV Care

The overall objective of this project is to develop and rigorously test implementation strategies to address the gap in scientific knowledge of lower use of evidence-based interventions commonly referred to as the ABCS (aspirin, blood pressure control, cholesterol control, and smoking cessation)which contributes to the growing CVD morbidity and mortality among PLH.

Start: September 2019

Nutrition and Pregnancy Intervention Study

A randomized double-blind placebo controlled intervention study with pregnant obese women (n=440) will be conducted. The intervention will involve consumption of fish oil and/or probiotic capsules from early pregnancy until 6 months after delivery. The aim of the study is firstly to investigate the effects of the supplements on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and obesity in the women and secondly to modify the risk markers of allergy and obesity in children of the women. Also the underlying metabolic mechanisms will be investigated. Follow up visits at child's age of 5 to 6 years will be conducted to evalute long-term effects on maternal and child health. The aim is to investigate the impact of dietary intervention, diet, maternal overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes status as well as gut microbiota and metabolism during pregnancy on maternal and child's health, allergy and child neuropsychological development.

Start: October 2013

Postprandial Monocyte Maturation and Vascular Dysfunction Following High-Fat Meals - Study 1

The purpose of this research study is to examine the effect of high-fat meals on the health of blood vessels. In addition, the study will examine how exercise/fitness/physical activity impacts blood vessels after consumption of a high-fat meal.

Start: June 2019

Effects of Nitric Oxide on the Endothelium During Hemolysis.

This study is an ancillary (add-on) study to the clinical trial entitled "Effect of Nitric Oxide in Cardiac Surgery Patients With Endothelial Dysfunction", which has Clinical Trials.gov identifier NCT02836899. NCT02836899 trial randomizes cardiac surgical patients to receive either Nitric Oxide (NO) or a placebo during and after cardiac surgery. This ancillary study aims to assess the effects of Nitric Oxide on vascular responsiveness and on endothelial function during hemolysis in patients with pre-operative endothelial dysfunction undergoing cardiac surgery requiring prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass.

Start: December 2018

Gut Flora Metabolite Reduction After Dietary Intervention (GRADY)

Our group has recently identified the association between gut-flora-mediated carnitine and phosphatidylcholine metabolism, specifically trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and cardiovascular risk. This study investigates the ability for dietary intervention to modulate TMAO levels.

Start: April 2014

Local Antioxidant Therapy Vasoconstriction Effects in Different Races

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) afflicts nearly one-third of the adult population with all races and ethnicities represented in CVD prevalence. Unfortunately, a disparity exists such that the black population (BL) is disproportionately affected compared to other groups, including the white population (WH). While the underlying cause of this disparity is multifactorial, vascular dysfunction (i.e., impaired vasodilation and/or augmented vasoconstriction) is a key contributor. As has been previously observed, BL exhibit a heightened vasoconstrictor response to both pharmacological (e.g., alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists) and environmental (e.g., cold pressor test) stimuli compared to their WH counterparts. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability may partially mediate this response. Our laboratory has recently observed (UTA IRB 2016-0268) that the small blood vessels in the skin (cutaneous microvasculature) in BL, but otherwise healthy individuals, produce an impaired blood flow response to local heating when compared to age-, body mass index (BMI)-, and gender-matched WH. However, pre-treatment of the cutaneous microvasculature with various antioxidants abolishes this skin blood flow difference. These antioxidant drugs inhibit possible sources of ROS, which, as mentioned, maybe mediating the heightened vasoconstrictor response in BL. However, this has not been investigated in this population and thus remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study proposal is to test the following hypotheses: 1) BL will have a greater reduction in cutaneous blood flow in response to local administration of Norepinephrine (alpha1-adrenergic and alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist) relative to WH. 2) This greater reduction in the BL population will be related to elevated oxidative stress and subsequent reduction in bioavailability of the potent vasodilator Nitric oxide.

Start: October 2018

The Effect of Endothelin and L-Arginine on Racial Differences in Vasoconstriction

The goal of the study is to examine the possible mechanisms of impaired cutaneous microvascular function through local heating along with administration of vasoconstrictors.

Start: October 2018

Danish Evaluation of Your Heart Forecast.

Under 50% of patients diagnosed with hypertension and treated in general practice, have reached a blood pressure within the recommended levels of the national guideline. Compliance is the main problem for these patients, but effective tools for increasing patient compliance are missing. The objective is to evaluate the risk-assessment and risk-communication tool: "Your Heart Forecast", to see if it can improve patient compliance, health literacy and empowerment. Patients will be followed in a cluster-randomised controlled trial in the setting of general practice, using surveys at inclusion and after 6 and 12 months. Besides surveys, the participants' blood pressure will be measured as a hard outcome and data will be drawn from various patient databases. After 6 months, qualitative interviews will be conducted, with a subgroup of patients from the intervention group. It is expected to find whether the use of Your Heart Forecast can lower patients' blood pressure and/or increase their compliance, health literacy and empowerment. The aim is to show if an increase in general health literacy and patient empowerment, as measured by Patient Activation Measure(PAM13) can be seen. The investigators hope to reveal whether this software can improve patient compliance and thereby be a reasonable tool to implement in the national blood pressure control program. In further studies, it should be shown if the cost of using this program is far less than expenses for hospitalisation due to complications and comorbidity to hypertension.

Start: March 2019

Menopause Effects on Vascular Function

The purpose of the study is to identify the independent effect of estradiol (E2) on endothelin-1 (ET-1) mediated vasomotor function in women. The study is the first step in recognizing the impact of ovarian hormones on the mechanisms that regulate vascular function in women to provide a better understanding of the cardiovascular efficacy of hormone therapy.

Start: July 2016

Impact of Burnout on Cardiovascular and Immune Biomarkers in Healthcare Professionals - Covid-19 Pandemic in Abu Dhabi

The main objective of our project is to investigate the evolution of psychosocial, cardiovascular and immune markers in healthcare with different levels of exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Start: July 2020

Rural Intervention for Caregivers' Heart Health

The investigators are testing a two-group, randomized, controlled trial with 280 primary caregivers of adult patients with a chronic illness to test the efficacy of the Rural Intervention for Caregivers' Heart Health (RICHH). Immediate (4-month) and long-term (12-month) effects of the RICHH intervention on CVD risk factors, self-management behaviors, and depressive symptoms will be compared to usual care. The investigators also will test the moderating effect of gender on intervention outcomes, given the many differences between male and female caregivers. Specific Aim 1: To determine effects of the RICHH intervention on the primary outcomes of CVD risk factors (i.e., lipid profile, body mass index, and blood pressure) at 4 and 12 months. Hypotheses 1: The intervention group will have better lipid profile, body mass index, and blood pressure outcomes than the usual care group at 4 and 12 months. Specific Aim 2: To determine effects of the RICHH intervention on self-management behaviors (i.e., diet quality, physical activity level, and self-report adherence to specific CVD health behaviors). Hypotheses 2: The intervention group will have better diet quality, higher physical activity levels, and better adherence to specific CVD health behaviors than the usual care group at 4 and 12 months. Specific Aim 3: To determine effects of RICHH on depressive symptoms at 4 and 12 months. Hypotheses 3: Caregivers receiving the intervention will have lower levels of depressive symptoms than caregivers receiving usual care at 4 and 12 months. Specific Aim 4: To evaluate whether intervention effects on outcomes will differ by caregivers' gender. Hypotheses 4: Effects will be stronger for male compared to female caregivers at 4 and 12 months. Impact: The proposed study will have a substantial impact on caregivers' cardiovascular health and quality of life because it will provide needed CVD risk prevention, and health promotion to rural caregivers living in distressed environments where CVD risk reduction and self-management is difficult. The intervention holds the potential to produce major improvements in health among caregivers living in rural environments in the US.

Start: February 2017

Qualitative Study of Long Term Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in the Emergency Department

One of the most common presentations to ED is chest pain, with the rapid rule out of heart attacks in the emergency department being common place. This moves a new onus of responsibility to the ED? the care of long term heart disease. A study conducted locally demonstrated that patient's with a heart attack ruled out felt the 'what next' question is not answered sufficiently at present. The strength of this opportunity is re-enforced by studies suggesting that chest pain presents a teachable moment where patients are more accepting of advice. The study's overarching goal is to improve heart disease care (cardiovascular disease).The early warning signs for heart disease can be detected and treated enabling patients to live longer and healthier lives. This is where it is believed that the Emergency Department (ED) can improve, EDs already collect the vast majority of data required to detect these early warning signs. In the United Kingdom more than 23.8 million attendances were registered last year, and ED is currently underusing a large amount of patient data of potentially great value to the population. The study aims to explore the best way to use this long term heart disease prediction? how to communicate it to patients, who prescribes the necessary medication, who issues lifestyle advice, and who follows it up. The investigators intend to answer these questions with a series of semi-structured interviews. The study will comprise of initial semistructured interviews made up of emergency medicine consultants, general practitioners, nurses, and patients. Then building on the knowledge gained from the initial interviews it is planned to build a prototype care pathway that will be explored in the second set of interviews. Funded by The Royal College of Emergency Medicine Ethical approval by the UK's HRA REC - 19/WA/0312

Start: September 2020

Cardiopulmonary Testing for Potential Pancreas Transplant Candidates

Patients being assessed for Kidney Pancreas transplantation often have pre-existing co-morbid disease that contributes to structural cardiac and vascular disease. There is no consensus on optimal pre-listing cardiac assessment to reliably minimize risk of peri-operative cardiac events. Functional status using the cardio-pulmonary exercise test (CPET) has been used in cardiac and abdominal surgery, including abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair and kidney transplantation, but high risk patients with diabetes are often lacking from these studies. This study will investigate the correlation between function, measures using CPET and standard cardiac assessment, and determine the variation in usual measures of anaerobic threshold and VO2 max in this population.

Start: March 2018

The QUebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth (QUALITY) Cohort

The QUebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth (QUALITY) Cohort study is a unique and comprehensive longitudinal study of 630 Caucasian children and their parents that was designed to investigate the natural history and determinants of childhood obesity and its cardiometabolic consequences.

Start: July 2005

Transthoracic Echocardiography of Ventricular Function of Parturients in Labor

This echocardiography study will characterize heart structure and function during labor. Imaging of the heart during the stress of labor could increase detection of subclinical cardiovascular disease using advanced imaging techniques. Cardiac serum biomarkers and complication rates will also be measured and compared between patients with and without evidence of cardiovascular disease on echocardiography.

Start: September 2020

Effects of Obesity and Intensity of Exercise on Ghrelin Levels

This study is investigating the effect of different intensities of exercise on levels of the hormone, ghrelin. In addition, we will be examining the relationship between any exercise induced changes in ghrelin and insulin sensitivity, obesity, and vascular function.

Start: September 2020

Singing and Cardiovascular Health in Older Adults

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) claims more lives each year than cancer and chronic respiratory disease combined. Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) reduces mortality and risk of a major cardiovascular event in secondary prevention populations, including older adults. Older adults are less likely to participate in CR, as comorbidities in this population, including arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, make participation difficult. Singing is a physical activity that involves components of the vagal nerves manifested as changes in cardiac autonomic regulation. Unlike physical exercise, the effects of singing on cardiovascular health has not been well-studied. The hypothesis for this project is that older patients with CVD will have favorable improvement in cardiovascular biomarkers, including, endothelial function and heart rate variability (HRV), after 30 minutes of singing.

Start: January 2020