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28 active trials for Appendicitis

European Society for Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) Cohort Study Snapshot Audit 2020 - Acute Appendicitis

Background Acute appendicitis is an extremely common surgical emergency. Traditionally, appendicitis has been managed surgically. Recently, however, variability in management of acute appendicitis has emerged, with some clinicians practising conservative, i.e. non-operative, management in selected patients. This high-quality pan-European, prospective audit will establish current practices and correlate them against outcomes. Aim To explore differences in patient presentation, clinical course and outcomes for acute appendicitis across international clinical Centres to identify areas of practice variability in the presentation, management and complications of acute appendicitis. Endpoints A three-stage data collection strategy will be used in this audit. There will be a 90 day prospective period for data collection during a six month window from September 2020 to end February 2021. Data collection will consist of collecting patient demographics, details of management (conservative vs surgical) and outcomes. Several outcomes measures will be used, including surgical mortality, morbidity (Clavien-Dindo Grade 2 and above) and length of hospital stay. The data collection points are as follows: 90 Day Prospective Audit Collecting anytime during 6-month window: Demographics Operative technique Use of antibiotics Conservative vs surgical management Outcomes All eligible patients will be followed up to 90 days from their admission Readmissions will be flagged and identified Complications within the 90 day period will be recorded Patients who have a complete data set at 90 days post presentation will be followed up to the 1-year mark • Incomplete data sets will be excluded from the study Methods: This 90 day prospective audit will be performed across Europe from September 2020 to end February 2021., and will be co-ordinated by a designated committee of European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. This will be preceded by a one-week, three-Centre pilot. Sites will be asked to pre-register for the audit and will be required to obtain appropriate regional or national approvals in advance of the enrolment date. During the study period, all eligible patients with acute appendicitis will be recorded contemporaneously and followed-up through to 90 days from their admission. The audit will be performed using a standardised pre-determined protocol, instrument and a secure online database. The report of this audit will be prepared in accordance with guidelines set by the STROBE (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) statement for observational studies. Discussion: This multi-centre, snapshot audit will be delivered by emergency surgeons and trainees in an coordinated and homogenous manner. The data obtained about areas of variability in provision or practice, and how this may impact upon outcomes, will serve to improve overall patient care as well as being hypothesis generating and inform areas needing future prospective study.

Start: September 2020
Appendectomy Versus Non-Operative Treatment For Acute Non-Perforated Appendicitis in Children

Rationale and Aim: The standard treatment for acute appendicitis in children is appendectomy. An increasing body of evidence from the adult literature suggests that acute appendicitis may be treated effectively with antibiotics alone, avoiding the need for surgery. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of non-operative treatment of acute appendicitis in children. Study design: Pragmatic, parallel-group, unmasked, non-inferiority multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT). Patient allocation: Children will be randomly allocated (age 5-16 years) with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis to either laparoscopic appendectomy or treatment with antibiotics. Randomization will be performed using stratification to ensure equal distribution between groups of presenting clinical and demographic features that may influence outcome including gender, duration of symptoms and center. Interventions: One group of children will undergo laparoscopic appendectomy that is the current standard treatment for children with acute appendicitis. The other group will be treated with intravenous antibiotics. A treatment pathway specifically designed for this study will be used. Primary Outcome: To be meaningful to parents of, and clinicians treating, children with acute appendicitis, the primary outcome is treatment failure defined as: (i) any additional intervention related to appendicitis requiring general anesthesia within 1 year of randomization (including recurrence of appendicitis after non-operative treatment, which we will treat with appendectomy) or (ii) negative appendectomy. Secondary outcomes are: (i) complications; (ii) time to discharge following randomization; (iii) number and duration of hospital admissions. Sample size and data analysis: The proposed RCT has a 20% non-inferiority margin to test the null hypothesis that treatment with antibiotics is inferior to appendectomy. Based on data from collaborating centers and a pilot study that we have performed, we expect recruitment of 978 children in total (90% power) over 19 months allowing for drop out. Follow-up will be for 12 months.

Start: January 2016
The Prevalence of Appendiceal Tumours in Periappendicular Abscess

Complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis follow different epidemiological trends also suggesting different pathophysiology behind these two different forms of appendicitis. In 3-10% of patients complicated acute appendicitis is enclosed by formation of a circumscribed periappendicular abscess. The clinically established practice of antibiotic therapy and drainage, if necessary, has been shown safe and effective, allowing the acute inflammatory process to subside in more than 90% of cases without surgery. The need of subsequent interval appendectomy has been questioned with appendicitis recurrence risk varying between 5-26%. During trial enrollment in our randomized Peri-APPAC trial based on the interim analysis results with 17% appendiceal tumor rate in the study population, the trial was prematurely terminated based on ethical concerns. All the follow-up group patients were re-evaluated and surgery was offered and recommended to all follow-up group patients. After this assessment and additional appendectomies, two more tumors were diagnosed resulting in neoplasm rate of 20% in the whole study group all diagnosed in patients over 40 years and the neoplasm rate in patients over 40 years was 29%. Based on high appendiceal tumor rate in patients over 40 years, the appendiceal neoplasm rate needs to be further evaluated in prospective patient cohorts undergoing interval appendectomy as interval appendectomy is generally well tolerated and obliterates the risk of missing a possible tumor. In a recent systematic review of retrospective cohort studies with 13.244 acute appendicitis patients the overall appendiceal tumor rate was 1% after appendectomy, but in patients presenting with appendiceal inflammatory mass the neoplasm rate varied from 10% to 29%. This nationwide prospective multicenter cohort study is designed to assess the prevalence of appendiceal tumors associated with a periappendicular abscess. All consecutive patients presenting with a periappendicular abscess are recommended to undergo interval appendectomy after initial conservative treatment with antibiotic therapy and drainage, if necessary. All patients older than 35 years will undergo laparoscopic interval appendectomy at 2 to 3 months and this is also recommended for the patients between 18 and 35 years of age. Asymptomatic patients under 35 years not willing to undergo interval appendectomy, will undergo a follow-up MRI at 1 year after the initial non-operative treatment.

Start: December 2020
Appendectomy by Low Impact Laparoscopy vs Routine Laparoscopy : a Randomized Prospective Monocentric Trial

Introduction: Surgery performed under low insufflation pressure combined with micro-laparoscopy (incisions 4X smaller than incisions in conventional laparoscopy) is called "low impact laparoscopy" or LIL. It significantly reduces postoperative pain and reduces the average length of stay. This technique, currently underdeveloped has never been evaluated in the literature for appendectomy. Main objective of the study: to obtain a reduction in postoperative pain when using the low-impact laparoscopy technique for appendectomies. Secondary objectives: to study the feasibility of LIL in appendectomies, to obtain a reduction in the average length of stay, a reduction in the consumption of analgesics, a reduction in costs, and a more rapid resumption of activities. Material and methods : This is a prospective, single-center, double-blind study. The inclusion criterion is the presence of acute uncomplicated appendicitis. The number of subjects to be included in each group is evaluated at 25. The subjects are divided into two groups preoperatively: Conventional group: insufflation pressure at 12mmHg and conventional instrumentation LIL group: insufflation pressure at 7mmHg and micro-laparoscopy instrumentation. Identical dressings are put in place at the end of the procedure in order to hide from the patient the protocol in which he was included. Pain assessment is recorded daily during the first postoperative week. The consumption of analgesics is also recorded. Then on the 7th day, 15th day and 30th postoperative day. During hospitalization, readings are taken by the nurse. At home, the data is entered by the patient via the Link4Life smartphone application. Conclusion: LIL applied to appendectomy has never been evaluated in the literature. It would allow a reduction in postoperative pain, the average length of stay for patients as well as improved rehabilitation.

Start: January 2021
Point of Care 3D Ultrasound for Various Applications: A Pilot Study

Summary Purpose and Objective: The purpose of this study is to test the feasibility of rapid acquisition of point of care 3D ultrasound in obtaining abdominal and/or pelvic images. The study will use a newly developed acquisition method and post-processing technique to create three dimensional image models of the abdomen and/or pelvis. Study activities and population group. The study population will be a convenience sample of patients of any age presenting to the Emergency Department with complaints necessitating a clinical abdominal and/or pelvic imaging. The study intervention includes acquisition of research ultrasound images, which will not be used for clinical care, and comparison of these images with clinically obtained images. Other clinical data such as surgical and pathology reports will also be reviewed. 3.Data analysis and risk/safety issues. This is a pilot study intended to determine feasibility and to refine image reconstruction algorithms. Research images will be compared to clinical images. Comparison of research images with final diagnosis will also occur. The research intervention, an ultrasound exam, has no known safety risks. The only risk to subjects is loss of confidentiality. This study is observational, not interventional, because the experimental ultrasound will be performed in all subjects and will not be used in the clinical care of patients (consequently, will not have the opportunity to affect clinical outcomes). Experimental images will be reviewed after completion of clinical care and will not be provided to the clinicians caring for the subjects. The investigators are not measuring the effect of the ultrasound examination on the subjects' outcomes.

Start: July 2016