Virtual Reality-Based Attention Bias Modification Training for Anorexia Nervosa (AN-VR-ABM)
Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is considered as one of the most severe subtypes of eating disorders (ED), with important medical complications, high mortality rates, and high comorbidity with other disorders, such as anxiety disorders. Likewise, to what happens in anxiety disorders, several studies have suggested the presence of dysfunctional body-related Attentional Bias (AB) in patients with ED and, specifically, in AN patients. Patients with AN tend to focus their attention on their body, in a dysfunctional way, by showing body checking behaviors, and scrutinizing their general appearance and weight-related body parts. This body-related AB has been associated with higher levels of body dissatisfaction, one of the most important risk factors for the development and maintenance of ED. In addition, body-related AB may be responsible for decreasing the effectiveness of body exposure-based treatments used in patients with AN. For this reason, it is necessary to develop new treatment techniques by adding specific components that aim to reduce body-related AB. It has been proposed to include AB modification techniques within the body exposure therapy, as an effective treatment to reduce body-related AB, body dissatisfaction, and body anxiety. To date, our group has been the first, to use a combination of virtual reality (VR) and eye-tracking (ET) techniques to assess the presence of a body-related AB in non-clinical samples. In order to improve AN-based treatments, this project aims to develop a new AB modification procedure, using ET and VR technologies. In addition, this project aims to integrate this AB modification procedure as a part of a body exposure-based treatment that aims to reduce the fear of weight gain experienced by patients with AN. Finally, this project aims to assess whether adding two separate components of body exposure-based therapy and AB modification training would result in a more effective intervention. It is expected that adding a specific component of VR body exposure procedure in the usual treatment for AN, enhanced through the illusion of ownership toward the virtual body, will result in more effective treatment. In addition, it is expected that adding an AB modification training in the body-exposure-based procedure, will result in a further increase the effectiveness of the treatment.
Start: September 2021